1 While tourism’s importance to the economies of the Canbbean is unquestionable, the picture has not been as rosy as early proponents predicted in the 1960s. Tourism has contributed less to long-term economic development than expected. Too often governments jumped in feet first with no planning feasibility studies, or any idea of what costs might be involved. Many were influenced by those early optimistic statements on tourism, and the early econometric arguments were not always based on good science (Hiller 1976) .
2 Tourism has required larger capital outlays for infrastrecture than expected, as governments and investors discovered they needed modern, Western-style amenities to attract tourists (Pattullo 1996). That has meant airports (ideally a large international airport to handle wide-bodied jets), roads, sewage treatment plants, landfills, electricity, and telephones. Tourism has required facilities not just to make the tourists’ journey possible but to make it convenient and comfortable as well. To raise the enormous sums of money required to build new infrastructure, Canbbean states have borrowed from foreign governments. Paying off those loans, and the cost of maintaining the expensive new infrastructure, has stretched some Caribbean governments and their taxpayers to the limit. On the brink of bankruptcy, some have required bailouts by the International Monetary Fund (MF)
3 Sometimes the expense is worthwhile because some of the new infrastructure, such as better water, telephone, and electricity supplies, also benefits local people. But there is much that locals make little use of, such as the large tracts of land turned into golf courses and large international airports which offer little benefit to poor locals who do not travel (Pattullo 1996).
4 Yes, building an infrastructure for tourism is expensive, but shouldn’t the profits from tourism be enough to meet the cost? After all, didn’t the World Bank and others predict in the 1960s that tourism had unlimited potential to earn foreign exchange? Unfortunately, the advocates of tourism did not realize, or did not care to admit, that much of the profit from tourism leaves the region. This repatriation of profits,” or “leakage, as it is referred to in the tourism literature, means that there is a large discrepancy between gross and net tourism receipts. Hence, the real economic benefits of tourism to a country are not revealed by gross foreign-exchange earnings but by what is left over after deducting the amount which stays or returns overseas. Most of the leakage is due to foreign investment and foreign control of the Caribbean’s tourism industry.
5 Two-thirds of the hotel rooms in the region are foreign owned, and the tour companies who arrange the visitor’s activities are often foreign owned. The international airlines (American, KLM, British Air, Air France) that bring visitors to the Caribbean are also foreign owned. The small, underequipped, state-owned regional Caribbean airlines, notes Polly Pattullo (1996), have never had the capacity or marketing to compete overseas. The foreign carriers, based in New York, London and Pans, can influence which destinations get the most traffic by availability of seats, price, and schedules. It was a blow to Trinidad, for example, when British Airways withdrew direct flights to Port of Spain in 1994.
6 In a pattern referred to as vertical integration, airline, tour company, and hotel chains may be owned by the same overseas firm. Such firms retain many of the profits, thereby reducing the economic gains of the Caribbean countries (Chambers 2000). The worst is the all-inclusive package holiday, in which travelers make a single payment in advance (to the New York, London, or Paris office) that covers airfare, accommodation, ( food, and services (and sometimes even tips).
7 With all-inclusives, much of the foreign exchange never reaches the Caribbean. Tourists at all-inclusive resorts have no need to eat out at locally owned restaurants, rent watersports gear from local entrepreneurs, or arrange island tours with local taxis. Having already paid for their holiday at home, they act as if they left their wallets there, too. The impact on local businesses dependent upon a tourist clientele is devastating. I witnessed most of the small restaurants in Speightstown, Barbados, shut down after a nearby large resort became all-inclusive. Many locals who are positive about tourism are deeply resentful of the all-inclusives. Since the late 1980s, eleven of Barbados large hotels have gone all-inclusive, and several more are planning to
8 Leakage also happens because Caribbean islands do not have the facilities or the means to produce the kinds of goods required by visitors, especially luxury items for the upscale traveler; hence, much of the food, furnishings, and equipment for tourism must be imported. Polly Pattullo (1996) reports that the Caribbean has a miserable record for attempting to supply its tourism sector from local and regional goods and services. The foreign management of most Barbadian hotels, for example, contributes to leakage by serving their guests a European menu which relies heavily on imported foods. In the dining rooms of Caribbean hotels, where millions of meals are consumed daily, why are tourists not served more mangos, breadfruit, citrus, and bananas grown locally? asks Pattullo. A few countries such as Jamaica and Dominica have succeeded in putting more locali products on the tourist’s dining tables, but they are the exception.
9 The leakage of profits is greatest in upscale, or first-class, tourist facilities such as the west coast hotels of Barbados. With rooms going from $400 per night, the guests require many goods expected with high-cost accommodations, which must be imported. While the gross receipts of these luxury hotels are high, the amount of money that stays on the island is low. Conversely, low-end, or backpacker, tourism relies more on local products and has less leakage.
10 In the Caribbean, on average, for every dollar earned in foreign exchange, seventy cents is lost overseas-the antithesis of the Pan Am press release that predicted 80 percent of every dollar earned would stay at home. Sadly, this drain of hard-earned foreign exchange is one of the distinctive characteristics of the Caribbean tourism industry (Pattullo 1996). And tourism profits that remain on the island are not distributed equally among all citizens but go disproportionately into the hands of local elites who have invested in hotels, restaurants, and other tourism attractions and facilities. While all citizens of island destinations must put up with the negative impacts of tourism, only some share in its profits.
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
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While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.
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We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.
Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.
We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.
Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.
There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.
Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.
We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.
You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.
We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
GET A PERFECT SCORE!!! 
1 While tourism’s importance to the economies of the Canbbean is unquestionable, the picture has not been as rosy as early proponents predicted in the 1960s. Tourism has contributed less to than expected. Too often governments jumped in feet first with no planning feasibility studies, or any idea of what costs might be involved. Many were influenced by those early optimistic statements on tourism, and the early econometric arguments were not always based on good science (Hiller 1976) .
2 Tourism has required larger capital outlays for infrastrecture than expected, as governments and investors discovered they needed modern, Western-style amenities to attract tourists (Pattullo 1996). That has meant airports (ideally a large international airport to ), roads, sewage treatment plants, landfills, electricity, and telephones. Tourism has required facilities not just to make the tourists’ journey possible but to make it convenient and comfortable as well. To raise the enormous sums of money required to build new infrastructure, Canbbean states have borrowed from foreign governments. Paying off those loans, and the cost of maintaining the expensive new infrastructure, has stretched some Caribbean governments and their taxpayers to the limit. On the brink of bankruptcy, some have required bailouts by the International Monetary Fund (MF)
3 Sometimes the expense is worthwhile because some of the new infrastructure, such as better water, telephone, and electricity supplies, also benefits local people. But there is much that locals make little use of, such as the large tracts of land turned into golf courses and large international airports which offer little benefit to poor locals who do not travel (Pattullo 1996).
4 Yes, building an infrastructure for tourism is expensive, but shouldn’t the profits from tourism be enough to meet the cost? After all, didn’t the World Bank and others predict in the 1960s that tourism had unlimited potential to earn foreign exchange? Unfortunately, the advocates of tourism did not realize, or did not care to admit, that much of the profit from tourism leaves the region. This repatriation of profits,” or “leakage, as it is referred to in the tourism literature, means that there is a large discrepancy between gross and net tourism receipts. Hence, the real economic benefits of tourism to a country are not revealed by but by what is left over after deducting the amount which stays or returns overseas. Most of the leakage is due to foreign investment and foreign control of the Caribbean’s tourism industry.
5 Two-thirds of the hotel rooms in the region are foreign owned, and the tour companies who arrange the visitor’s activities are often foreign owned. The international airlines (American, KLM, British Air, Air France) that bring visitors to the Caribbean are also foreign owned. The small, underequipped, state-owned regional Caribbean airlines, notes Polly Pattullo (1996), have never had the capacity or marketing to compete overseas. The foreign carriers, based in New York, London and Pans, can influence which destinations get the most traffic by availability of seats, price, and schedules. It was a blow to Trinidad, for example, when British Airways withdrew direct flights to Port of Spain in 1994.
6 In a pattern referred to as vertical integration, airline, tour company, and hotel chains may be owned by the same overseas firm. Such firms retain many of the profits, thereby reducing the economic gains of the Caribbean countries (Chambers 2000). The worst is the , in which travelers make a single payment in advance (to the New York, London, or Paris office) that covers airfare, accommodation, ( food, and services (and sometimes even tips).
7 With all-inclusives, much of the foreign exchange never reaches the Caribbean. Tourists at all-inclusive resorts have no need to eat out at locally owned restaurants, rent watersports gear from local entrepreneurs, or arrange island tours with local taxis. Having already paid for their holiday at home, they act as if they left their wallets there, too. The impact on local businesses dependent upon a tourist clientele is devastating. I witnessed most of the small restaurants in Speightstown, Barbados, shut down after a nearby large resort became all-inclusive. Many locals who are positive about tourism are deeply resentful of the all-inclusives. Since the late 1980s, eleven of Barbados large hotels have gone all-inclusive, and several more are planning to
8 Leakage also happens because Caribbean islands do not have the facilities or the means to produce the kinds of goods required by visitors, especially luxury items for the upscale traveler; hence, much of the food, furnishings, and equipment for tourism must be imported. Polly Pattullo (1996) reports that the Caribbean has a miserable record for attempting to supply its tourism sector from local and regional goods and services. The foreign management of most Barbadian hotels, for example, contributes to leakage by serving their guests a European menu which relies heavily on imported foods. In the dining rooms of Caribbean hotels, where millions of meals are consumed daily, why are tourists not served more mangos, breadfruit, citrus, and bananas grown locally? asks Pattullo. A few countries such as Jamaica and Dominica have succeeded in putting more locali products on the tourist’s dining tables, but they are the exception.
9 The leakage of profits is greatest in upscale, or first-class, tourist facilities such as the west coast hotels of Barbados. With rooms going from $400 per night, the guests require many goods expected with high-cost accommodations, which must be imported. While the gross receipts of these luxury hotels are high, the amount of money that stays on the island is low. Conversely, low-end, or backpacker, tourism relies more on local products and has less leakage.
10 In the Caribbean, on average, for every dollar earned in foreign exchange, seventy cents is lost overseas-the antithesis of the Pan Am press release that predicted 80 percent of every dollar earned would stay at home. Sadly, this drain of hard-earned foreign exchange is one of the distinctive characteristics of the Caribbean tourism industry (Pattullo 1996). And tourism profits that remain on the island are not distributed equally among all citizens but go disproportionately into the hands of local elites who have invested in hotels, restaurants, and other tourism attractions and facilities. While all citizens of island destinations must put up with the negative impacts of tourism, only some share in its profits.
Are you busy and do not have time to handle your assignment? Are you scared that your paper will not make the grade? Do you have responsibilities that may hinder you from turning in your assignment on time? Are you tired and can barely handle your assignment? Are your grades inconsistent?
Whichever your reason is, it is valid! You can get professional academic help from our service at affordable rates. We have a team of professional academic writers who can handle all your assignments.
Students barely have time to read. We got you! Have your literature essay or book review written without having the hassle of reading the book. You can get your literature paper custom-written for you by our literature specialists.
Do you struggle with finance? No need to torture yourself if finance is not your cup of tea. You can order your finance paper from our academic writing service and get 100% original work from competent finance experts.
Computer science is a tough subject. Fortunately, our computer science experts are up to the match. No need to stress and have sleepless nights. Our academic writers will tackle all your computer science assignments and deliver them on time. Let us handle all your python, java, ruby, JavaScript, php , C+ assignments!
While psychology may be an interesting subject, you may lack sufficient time to handle your assignments. Don’t despair; by using our academic writing service, you can be assured of perfect grades. Moreover, your grades will be consistent.
Engineering is quite a demanding subject. Students face a lot of pressure and barely have enough time to do what they love to do. Our academic writing service got you covered! Our engineering specialists follow the paper instructions and ensure timely delivery of the paper.
In the nursing course, you may have difficulties with literature reviews, annotated bibliographies, critical essays, and other assignments. Our nursing assignment writers will offer you professional nursing paper help at low prices.
Truth be told, sociology papers can be quite exhausting. Our academic writing service relieves you of fatigue, pressure, and stress. You can relax and have peace of mind as our academic writers handle your sociology assignment.
We take pride in having some of the best business writers in the industry. Our business writers have a lot of experience in the field. They are reliable, and you can be assured of a high-grade paper. They are able to handle business papers of any subject, length, deadline, and difficulty!
We boast of having some of the most experienced statistics experts in the industry. Our statistics experts have diverse skills, expertise, and knowledge to handle any kind of assignment. They have access to all kinds of software to get your assignment done.
Writing a law essay may prove to be an insurmountable obstacle, especially when you need to know the peculiarities of the legislative framework. Take advantage of our top-notch law specialists and get superb grades and 100% satisfaction.
We have highlighted some of the most popular subjects we handle above. Those are just a tip of the iceberg. We deal in all academic disciplines since our writers are as diverse. They have been drawn from across all disciplines, and orders are assigned to those writers believed to be the best in the field. In a nutshell, there is no task we cannot handle; all you need to do is place your order with us. As long as your instructions are clear, just trust we shall deliver irrespective of the discipline.
Our essay writers are graduates with bachelor's, masters, Ph.D., and doctorate degrees in various subjects. The minimum requirement to be an essay writer with our essay writing service is to have a college degree. All our academic writers have a minimum of two years of academic writing. We have a stringent recruitment process to ensure that we get only the most competent essay writers in the industry. We also ensure that the writers are handsomely compensated for their value. The majority of our writers are native English speakers. As such, the fluency of language and grammar is impeccable.
There is a very low likelihood that you won’t like the paper.
Not at all. All papers are written from scratch. There is no way your tutor or instructor will realize that you did not write the paper yourself. In fact, we recommend using our assignment help services for consistent results.
We check all papers for plagiarism before we submit them. We use powerful plagiarism checking software such as SafeAssign, LopesWrite, and Turnitin. We also upload the plagiarism report so that you can review it. We understand that plagiarism is academic suicide. We would not take the risk of submitting plagiarized work and jeopardize your academic journey. Furthermore, we do not sell or use prewritten papers, and each paper is written from scratch.
You determine when you get the paper by setting the deadline when placing the order. All papers are delivered within the deadline. We are well aware that we operate in a time-sensitive industry. As such, we have laid out strategies to ensure that the client receives the paper on time and they never miss the deadline. We understand that papers that are submitted late have some points deducted. We do not want you to miss any points due to late submission. We work on beating deadlines by huge margins in order to ensure that you have ample time to review the paper before you submit it.
We have a privacy and confidentiality policy that guides our work. We NEVER share any customer information with third parties. Noone will ever know that you used our assignment help services. It’s only between you and us. We are bound by our policies to protect the customer’s identity and information. All your information, such as your names, phone number, email, order information, and so on, are protected. We have robust security systems that ensure that your data is protected. Hacking our systems is close to impossible, and it has never happened.
You fill all the paper instructions in the order form. Make sure you include all the helpful materials so that our academic writers can deliver the perfect paper. It will also help to eliminate unnecessary revisions.
Proceed to pay for the paper so that it can be assigned to one of our expert academic writers. The paper subject is matched with the writer’s area of specialization.
You communicate with the writer and know about the progress of the paper. The client can ask the writer for drafts of the paper. The client can upload extra material and include additional instructions from the lecturer. Receive a paper.
The paper is sent to your email and uploaded to your personal account. You also get a plagiarism report attached to your paper.
GET A PERFECT SCORE!!!
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